Configurational conditions and digraphs (Q1184570)

A \(P\)-space is a structure \({\mathfrak R}=(X,\langle,\rangle)\) with \(X\neq \emptyset\), \(\langle,\rangle: X^ 2\mapsto F\) and \(\langle x,x\rangle = \langle x',x''\rangle\Rightarrow x'=x''\). The elements of \(X\) are called (proper) points and those of \(F\) colors. Let \(R=\{\langle x,x'\rangle\mid x\neq x'\}\), the elements of \(R\) are called ideal points or directions. The line joining \(x\) and \(x'\) (in this order) is defined by, \[ x\square x'=\{x,\langle x,x'\rangle\}\cup \{z\in X\mid\langle x,x'\rangle =\langle x,z\rangle\}. \] A \(P\)-space is thus a non-commutative geometry which is a natural generalization of classical affine geometry. Given a \(P\)-space \({\mathfrak R}=(X,\langle,\rangle)\) and a digraph \(D=(V,A)\), mappings \(\sigma,\sigma': V\to X\) are called parallel, denoted by \(\sigma\|\sigma'\) iff \[ \langle \sigma v_ 0,\sigma v_ 1\rangle = \langle \sigma'v_ 0,\sigma'v_ 1\rangle \] for all arcs \((v_ 0,v_ 1)\in A\). If \(D=(V,A)\) is a subdigraph of \(D^*=(V^*,A^*)\) and \(\sigma_ 1: V\to X\), \(\sigma_ 2: V^*\to X\), then \(\sigma_ 1\) is a submapping of \(\sigma_ 2\), denoted by \(\sigma_ 1\leq \sigma_ 2\) iff \(\sigma_ 2\mid_ v=\sigma_ 1\). A pair of digraphs \((D,D^*)\) with \(D\) a subdigraph of \(D^*\) defines a configurational scheme if, for \(\sigma_ 1,\sigma_ 2: V\to X\), \(\sigma_ 1^*: V^*\to X\), with \(\sigma_ 2\| \sigma_ 1\leq \sigma_ 1^*\) there exists a \(\sigma^*_ 2: V^*\to X\) with \(\sigma_ 2\leq \sigma^*_ 2\| \sigma^*_ 1\). Specializations of this condition give rise to configurational conditions on the \(P\)-space. Any of Pfalzgraf's \(q\)-simplex conditions, \(\text{Sim}_ q\) can be viewed in this way, as well as others (i.e. the Euclidean parallel property). This paper is concerned with three means of modifying a configurational scheme (by modifying \(D^*\)) to get other schemes. These results are then used to obtain new configurational conditions, especially ones equivalent to \(\text{Sim}_ q\).