Factorizations of and extensions to J-unitary rational matrix functions on the unit circle (Q1187747)

Let \(J=J^*\) be an invertible Hermitian matrix. For a rational matrix function which is \(J\)-unitary, i.e., such that for all \(\lambda\) one has \(W(1/\overline{\lambda})^* JW(\lambda)=J\) (which means that it takes \(J\)-unitary values on the unit circle), it is appropriate to replace the usual realization by a minimal realization of the form \(W(\lambda)= D+(\alpha- \lambda)C(\lambda G-A)^{-1} B\), mostly with \(\alpha=1\). The paper provides a description of minimal factorizations of rational matrix functions which are given in terms of such realizations. These results are used for the factorization of \(J\)-unitary functions into \(J\)-unitary factors. A second application is the problem of completing the \(p\times m\)-matrix function \(W\) with the minimal realization \(W(\lambda)= D+ (1- \lambda) C(\lambda G-A)^{-1} B\), \(D\) a strict contraction, \(W\) taking contractive values on the unit circle, to a (square) matrix function \[ \widetilde{W}(\lambda)= \begin{pmatrix} W_{11}(\lambda) &W(\lambda)\\ W_{21}(\lambda) &W_{22}(\lambda)\end{pmatrix} \] which is unitary on the unit circle. Special attention is paid to the case where \(W\) and \(\widetilde{W}\) have the same McMillan degree (the so-called minimal completions); the problem of finding such a minimal unitary completion is related to Darlington synthesis, where the poles of \(W\) are all assumed to be within the unit circle.