An Eulerian method for representing \(\pi{}^ 2\) by series (Q1193051)

By using a method attributed to Euler, the author proves three series representations for \(\pi^ 2\). For example, \(\pi^ 2=12-16 \sum^{+\infty}_{k=1} 1/(2k-1)(2k+1)^ 2\). The method can be summarized as follows: Evaluate e.g. the integral \(\int^ x_ 0 \sqrt{1-t^ 2} dt\) directly, and then by expanding the integrand, followed by termwise integration. Then replace \(x\) by \(\sin x\) and apply Wallis' formula \(\int^{\pi/2}_ 0 \sin^{2k+1}x dx= {1\over {2k+1}} 2^{2k} \bigl/ {{2k} \choose k}\) \((k\geq 0)\).