Exotic units in group rings of rank \(p^ 2\) (Q1193286)

The paper presents all units \(e\) in the integral group ring \(\mathbb{Z} G\) of an abelian group \(G\) of order \(p^ 2\), \(2\neq p\) a prime, which do not belong to \(\prod\Omega C\) with \(C\) ranging over the cyclic subgroups of \(G\). It is a theorem of Bass and Milnor that the product \(\prod \Omega C\) of the groups \(\Omega C\) of circular units in \(\mathbb{Z} C\) has finite index in \(\Omega G\). Here, a group ring unit in \(\mathbb{Z} G\) is called circular, if it appears as a cyclotomic unit under every character of \(G\). An exotic unit \(e\) can only exist if \(p\) is an irregular prime.