Numerically positive polynomials for \(k\)-ample vector bundles (Q1196018)

Let \(e\geq 1,n,k\geq 0\) be integers, and let \(\mathbb{Q}[c_ 1,\dots,c_ e]\) be graded by weighted degree, the variable \(c_ i\) being assigned to weight \(i\). We define the cone \(\Pi_{e,k,n}(m)\subseteq\mathbb{Q}[c_ 1,\dots,c_ e]\) for any integer \(m\geq 0\) by the following prescription: \(P\in\Pi_{e,k,n}(m)\) iff \(P\) is weighted homogeneous of degree \(m\), and for every projective variety \(X\) of dimension \(n\), every ample line bundle \(L\) on \(X\) and every \(k\)-ample vector bundle \(E\) of rank \(e\) on \(X\), \[ \deg_ L(P(c(E)))=\int_ Xc_ 1(L)^{n-m}P(c(E))\cap[X]>0. \] These graded cones constitute what one would call the ``numerically positive polynomials for \(k\)-ample vector bundles''. We prove that if \(n<m+k\), \(\Pi_{e,k,n}(m)\) is empty; if \(n\geq m+k\), \(\Pi_{e,k,n}(m)\) consists of nonzero polynomials of degree \(m\) which are nonnegative combinations of the Schur polynomials. The proof depends on a study of the sections of a fibre system by a non-ample divisor and subsequent reduction to the ample case. As a by-product of this study, we also obtain results on positivity of intersection cycle classes and non- emptiness/ connectedness of degeneracy loci for \(k\)-ample vector bundles.