A contrast of direct and transformed Nyström pairs (Q1200175)

Consider the initial value problem: (*) \(y''=f(x,y,y')\), \(y(x_ 0)=y_ 0\), \(y'(x_ 0)=y_ 0'\) where \(f: \mathbb{R} \times \mathbb{R}^ n \times \mathbb{R}^ n \to\mathbb{R}^ n\). There are two ways of solving the problem numerically by means of the explicit Runge-Kutta procedure. The first consists in transforming the problem in a problem for a system of the first order and then applying the Runge-Kutta formulas. The second way uses directly Nyström pairs. The purpose of this paper is to develop Nyström pairs for (*). The authors develop a class of Nyström pairs of order (5,6). Numerical examples illustrate the possible gains in efficiency compared with existing eight-stage Nyström and Runge-Kutta pairs.