Kinetic theory based nonlinear treatment for motions of a binary gas mixture involving slightly strong evaporation and condensation processes - A system of macroscopic equations, the boundary conditions and the Knudsen-layer corrections (Q1201308)

This paper deals with an asymptotic analysis for a binary mixture of a condensable gas and a noncondensable gas bounded by the condensed phase in a general 3-dimensional domain, with diffusive boundary conditions. In evaporation and condensation processes, because of the existence of a nonequilibrium region in the close vicinity of the interface between the condensed phase and the gas phase (Knudsen layer), the analysis of flow problems of this kind must be considered based on kinetic theory. In this paper the steady behaviour of the mixture is based on the Boltzmann equation with collisions described by the Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook model [\textit{B. B. Hamel}, Phys. Fluids 8, 418-425 (1965)]. In this analysis, in particular, the mean free path of the noncondensable gas molecules is small compared with a characteristic length of the system, and the deviation of the system from a stationary equilibrium reference state is measured by a small parameter of order of the Knudsen number. In terms of quantities perturbated from the equilibrium state, the governing kinetic equation appears to be weakly nonlinear. The paper is intended to give an asymptotic solution to the kinetic model equation for small Knudsen numbers. By the singular perturbation method, the author obtains a set of macroscopic equations for the fluid dynamic quantities and the boundary conditions together with the corrections to be made within the Knudsen layer. The present results are obtained under the restriction that the concentration ratio, the ratio of the number density of noncondensable gas to that of condensable gas, is of order unity or larger. The macroscopic equations, obtained with this model, are essentially of Navier-Stokes type at each order.