The population composition of a multitype branching random walk (Q1201315)

A population with positions on the one-dimensional lattice and \(d\) distinct types is considered. The process develops through discrete generations, with individuals contributing independent families to the next generation. The number of children in a family, their types and their positions relative to their parent's are given by a point process, marked with types, with a distribution that depends on the parent's type. Consequently the temporal evolution is that of a multitype Galton-Watson process. Let \(Z^ n_{ij}[x]\) be the number of \(n\)th generation people of type \(j\) at \(x\), or, more precisely, at the integer part of \(x\), starting from a single person of type \(i\) at the origin. The main result here establishes that, under suitable conditions, the asymptotics of \(Z^ n_{ij}[an]\) can be given fairly precisely. The result is similar in form to that obtained in the one type case by the reviewer [Z. Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie Verw. Geb. 48, 17-34 (1979; Zbl 0387.60092)]. A consequence is that the population composition, summarised by ratios like \(Z^ n_{ij}[an]/Z^ n_{ik}[an]\) settles down to a deterministic limit (which depends on \(a\)) on the survival set of the process.