Isomorphisms of Galois groups (Q1227030)

Let \(\mathbb Q\) be the field of the rational numbers. Let \(\Omega\) be a normal algebraic extension of \(\mathbb Q\) such that \(\Omega\) has no abelian extension. Let \(G\) be the Galois group of \(\Omega\) over \(\mathbb Q\). \textit{J. Neukirch} [Invent. Math. 6, 296--314 (1969; Zbl 0192.40102); J. Reine Angew. Math. 238, 135--147 (1969; Zbl 0201.05901)] has shown that every open normal subgroup of \(G\) is a characteristic subgroup, and has proposed a problem whether every automorphism of \(G\) is inner. This problem is solved affirmatively in this paper, In fact, it is proved that ``Let \(G_1\) and \(G_2\) be open subgroups of \(G\), and let \(\sigma: G_1\to G_2\) be a topological isomorphism. Then \(\sigma\) can be extended to an inner automorphism of \(G\).'' lt is solved simply by a group theoretical method assuming Neukirch's theorems.