Stability and instability of solitary waves for one-dimensional singular Schrödinger equations (Q1261645)

Stability of soliton (solitary wave) solutions to the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation, \[ iu_ t=- u_{xx}+u\biggl(\bigl[f(| u|^ 2)+2kh'(| u|^ 2)h(| u|^ 2)\bigr)_{xx}\biggr], \] is investigated by means of the spectral decomposition technique. A soliton solution has a free parameter \(\omega\), \(u(x,t)=v(x)\exp(i\omega t)\), where the function \(v(x)\) must vanish at infinity. To analyze the soliton's stability, the following Lyapunov function is introduced: \(d(\omega)=E+\omega Q\), where the energy \[ E(\omega)=\int^{+\infty}_{-\infty}\biggl(| u_ x|^ 2+g(| u|^ 2)-k\bigl(h(| u|^ 2)_ x\bigl)^ 2\biggl)dx, \] and the ``number of particles'' is \(Q=\int^{+\infty}_{-\infty}| u|^ 2dx\). The main theorem proved in the work is that the soliton is stable provided \(d''(\omega)>0\), and unstable in the opposite case.