Hardy inequalities and some critical elliptic and parabolic problems (Q1265082)

\textit{P. Baras} and \textit{J. Goldstein} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 294, 121-139 (1984; Zbl 0556.35063)] studied the problem \[ u_{t}- \Delta u= \frac{\lambda}{| x |^{2}}u, \qquad x\in \Omega, \quad t> 0,\tag{1} \] \[ u(x,0)= f(x), \quad x \in \Omega, \;f \in L^{2}(\Omega), \qquad u(x,t)= 0, \quad x \in \partial \Omega, \;t > 0, \] where \(\Omega\) is a bounded domain of \({\mathbb R}^{N},\) containing to the origin, \(N\geq 3\) and \(\lambda \in \mathbb R.\) They proved that if \(\lambda_{N} = (N-2)^{2}/4,\) then problem (1) has a solution if \(\lambda \leq \lambda_{N}\), whereas if \(\lambda > \lambda_{N},\) problem (1) has no local solution for any \(f > 0.\) In this paper, it is considered the same kind of problems for the nonlinear p-heat equation (and the associated elliptic problem) \[ u_{t}- \Delta_{p}u= \frac{\lambda}{| x |^{p}}u^{p-1}, \qquad x \in \Omega, \quad t > 0, \tag{2} \] \[ u(x,0)=f(x), \quad x \in \Omega, \qquad u(x,t)= 0, \quad x \in \partial \Omega, \;t> 0, \] where \( \Delta_{p} u= \text{div} (| \nabla u | ^{p-2}\nabla u)\), \(1 < p < N\) and \(f(x) \geq 0\) satisfies additional regularity assumptions. The authors point out that the behaviour depends on \(p\) and on the relation between \(\lambda\) and the best constant in Hardy's inequality (the proof of this classical result is included). In the proofs, they use separation of variables method, bifurcation from infinity, sub-super solution method, variational and truncature techniques, Pohozaev type identity, etc. Moreover, they show some partial results on uniqueness.