Quantization of Lie bialgebras. II, III (Q1266988)

These two papers are continuations of part I [Sel. Math., New Ser. 2, 1--41 (1996; Zbl 0863.17008)]. In part I, a quantization is obtained for any Lie bialgebra \(L\) over a field \(k\) of characteristic zero. It is first given for \(L\) finite-dimensional, and the quantization is then isomorphic to \(U(L)[[h]]\) as a topological Hopf algebra. The method involves the idea of a Lie association, which is computationally unmanageable. The method does not extend to \(L\) infinite-dimensional, and also does not permit to prove functoriality nor universality of the quantization. For \(L\) infinite-dimensional, the quantization involves a non-representable fiber functor. The quantization is a topological Hopf algebra whose coproduct has values in a completed tensor product. In part II, the authors show that the quantization procedure of part I is given by universal acyclic formulas and defines a functor from the category of Lie bialgebras to the category of quantized universal enveloping algebras. They also show that this functor defines an equivalence between the category of Lie bialgebras over \(k[[h]]\) and the category of quantized universal enveloping algebras. Analogous results are given for quasitriangular Lie bialgebras and for classical Yang-Baxter algebras. The methods are somewhat similar to those of the general case in part I, but are presented in a more categorical framework involving what the authors call ``linear algebraic structures''. Part III is less general than parts I and II, whose methods are generally not effective. In part III, the authors study Lie bialgebras of \(L\)-valued functions on a punctured rational or elliptic curve, \(L\) a finite-dimensional simple Lie algebra. They describe a general quantization procedure which reduces the problem of quantization of the algebra of \(L\)-valued functions on a curve with many punctures to the case of one puncture. This is applied to give an effective quantization procedure for Lie bialgebras associated to punctured curves. In particular, the procedure does not involve a Lie association. In part III, \(k\) is algebraically closed of characteristic zero. Some key ideas in part III are of factored Lie bialgebras, expression of commutators via classical \(r\)-matrices, copseudotriangular Hopf algebras and factored Hopf algebras. Factored Hopf algebras are quantizations of factored Lie bialgebras. [Reviewer's remark: For certain infinite-dimensional Lie bialgebras \(L\), e.g., Witt and Virasoro algebras, it remains an open problem to give a quantization of their universal enveloping algebras as a Hopf algebra deformation, but not involving power series base rings nor completed tensor products].