Degree of approximation of functions associated with Hardy-Littlewood series in the Hölder metric by Borel means (Q1269661)

Let \(\sum^\infty_{n= 0} A_n(x)\) denote the Fourier series of \(f\in L_{2\pi}\) at a point \(x\) and let \(s_n(f;x)\) denote the partial sum of its first \((n+1)\) terms. Also write \[ \begin{aligned} s^*_n(f; x) &= \textstyle{{1\over 2}} A_n(x)+ s_{n-1}(f; x),\;\phi_x(u)= \textstyle{{1\over 2}}\{f(x+ u)+ f(x- u)- 2f(x)\},\\ \chi_x(u) & = \int^\pi_u \phi_x(w)\textstyle{{1\over 2}}\text{ cot }\textstyle{{1\over 2}} w dw,\\ H_\alpha &= \{f\in C_{2\pi}:| f(x)- f(y)|\leq K| x-y|^\alpha\},\end{aligned} \] where \(0<\alpha\leq 1\), constant \(K>0\) and \(C_{2\pi}\) is the space of all \(2\pi\)-periodic continuous functions defined on \([-\pi,\pi]\). It is known [see \textit{G. H. Hardy}, Messenger 58, 50-52 (1928; JFM 54.0310.03)] that \(\chi_x\) is even and Lebesgue integrable. The series \({1\over 2} c_0+\sum^\infty_{n=1} c_n\), where \(c_0={2\over \pi}\int^\pi_0 \phi_x(u){u\over 2}\text{ cot }{1\over 2}u du\) and \(c_n= {s^*_n(f; x)- f(x)\over n}\) \((n\geq 1)\), is called HL-series (Hardy-Littlewood series). Earlier, the present reviewer [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 149, No. 1, 236-246 (1990; Zbl 0753.42002)] studied the degree of approximation of \(f\in H_\alpha\) by Borel exponential means of \((s_n(f; x))\) in the Hölder metric. In this paper, the main result obtained by the authors is the following in Hölder metric: Theorem. Let \(T_n(x)\) be the \(n\)th partial sum of the HL-series and let \(B_p(T; x)\) be the Borel exponential mean of \((T_n(x))\). Let \(0\leq\beta< \alpha\leq 1\) and \(f\in H_\alpha\). Then for large \(p>1\), \[ \| B_p(t)- \chi(\pi/p)\|_\beta= O\{p^{\beta- \alpha}(\log p)^{1+\beta/\alpha}\}. \] It may be noted, as shown in this paper, that HL-series is the Fourier series of \(\chi_x(u)\) as \(u= 0\). Misprints: Read ``\(\int^\pi_0\phi_x(u) {1\over 2}\text{ cot }{1\over 2}u du\)'' on page 282, line 2; ``\({2\over \pi}\int^\pi_0\phi_x(u) {1\over 2}\text{ cot }{1\over 2}u du \int^u_0 dt\)'' and ``\({2\over\pi} \int^\pi_0\phi_x(u) {1\over 2}\text{ cot }{1\over 2}u du\cdot \int^u_0\cos nt dt\)'' on page 283, respectively, in lines 6 and 11.