A note on orthodox semidirect products and wreath products of monoids (Q1279805)

This paper deals with the question of when the semidirect product \(S\times_\alpha T\) of two semigroups \(S\) and \(T\) forms an orthodox semigroup, and it applies its findings to wreath products \(S w_X T\) where \(X\) is a left \(S\)-set. [Note: Although the title says ``monoid,'' the paper deals with semigroups in general throughout, i.e., neither \(S\) nor \(T\) are assumed to have an identity element.] The major results proved are as follows. Theorem. For \(\alpha\colon S\to\text{End}(T)\) a given homomorphism, the semidirect product \(S\times_\alpha T\) of two semigroups is orthodox if and only if (1) \(S\) and \(T^e\) are orthodox for every \(e\in E(S)\), (2) \(t\in t^eT\) for every \(t\in T\) and \(e\in E(S)\), (3) if \(t^e\in E(T)\), then \(t^{ge}\in E(T)\) for all \(g\in E(S)\). -- Theorem. If \(S\) acts on \(X\) from the left, then the wreath product \(S w_X T\) is orthodox if and only if (1) \(S\) and \(T\) are orthodox semigroups, and (2) \(S\) permutes \(X\), or \(T\) is a right group and \(geX\subseteq eX\) for all \(e,g\in E(S)\), or \(T\) is a right zero band.