Particle creation in the effective action method (Q1279895)

The problem of creation of particles from the vacuum by nonstationary external fields is discussed as a radiation effect in the expectation-value spacetime. The energy of massless particles created in external fields of arbitrary configuration is calculated as the vacuum contribution in the energy-momentum tensor of the expectation value of the metric. The result is obtained as a functional of these fields. The problems discussed include effective action, quantum noise, the behavior of all kernels, the early-time behavior, the late-time behavior, creation of particles and radiation of waves, particles produced by a spherically symmetric electromagnetic field, radiation of the non-relativistic shell, and radiation of the ultrarelativistic shell.