A formula for the Boyd indices in Orlicz spaces (Q1280016)

Let \(\mathbb{R}\) denote the real line \((-\infty,\infty)\), and let \(\mathbb{R}^+\) denote the half-line \((0,\infty)\). A function \(\varphi: \mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}\) is said to be a Young function if \(\varphi\) is nonnegative, even, strictly increasing on \((0,\infty)\) and convex, and \(\varphi(t)/t\to 0\) as \(t\to 0\), \(\varphi(t)/t\to\infty\) as \(t\to\infty\). In the results derived in this paper the Young function \(\varphi\) is assumed to be differentiable with derivative \(\varphi'\). The lower index \(i(\varphi)\) and upper index \(I(\varphi)\) are defined by \[ \begin{aligned} i(\varphi) & = \lim_{\mu\to 0+} (\log\mu)^{-1}\log h_\varphi(\mu)= \sup_{0<\mu< 1}(\log\mu)^{-1}\log h_\varphi(\mu);\\ I(\varphi) & = \lim_{\mu\to\infty} (\log\mu)^{-1} \log h_\varphi(\mu)= \inf_{1< \mu<\infty}(\log \mu)^{-1}\log h_\varphi(\mu),\end{aligned} \] where \(h_\varphi(\mu)= \sup_{t>0} \varphi(\mu t)/\varphi(t)\). In the main theorem of the paper, it is shown that if \(\varphi\) is a Young function which satisfies a \(\Delta_2\)-condition, so that there is a constant \(c\) such that \(\varphi(2t)\leq c\varphi(t)\), \(t>0\), then \[ (\text{i})\quad \min(u_0,u_\infty)\leq i(\varphi)\leq \min(v_0, v_\infty);\quad (\text{ii})\quad \max(u_0, u_\infty)\leq I(\varphi)\leq \max(v_0, v_\infty), \] where \[ \begin{aligned} u_0 & = \liminf_{t\to 0} t\varphi'(t)/\varphi(t);\quad u_\infty= \liminf_{t\to\infty} t\varphi'(t)/\varphi(t);\\v_0 & = \limsup_{t\to 0} t\varphi'(t)/\varphi(t);\quad v_\infty= \limsup_{t\to\infty} t\varphi'(t)/\varphi(t).\end{aligned} \] {}.