Deforming the Lie algebra of vector fields on \(S^1\) inside the Poisson algebra on \(\dot T^*S^1\) (Q1290446)

The Lie algebra \(\text{Vect}(M)\) of vector fields on a manifold \(M\) has a natural embedding \(\pi\) into the Poisson algebra of functions on the cotangent bundle \(T^*M\), given in the canonical coordinates \((q,p)\) by \[ \pi\left(\sum_{i=1}^nX^i(q)\frac{\partial}{\partial q^i}\right)= \sum_{i=1}^nX^i(q)p_i. \] The authors study: (a) formal deformations of the embeddings of the Lie algebra \(\text{Vect}(S^1)\) into the Poisson algebra \(A(M)\) of functions which are Laurent polynomials on fibers and (b) polynomial deformations of the embedding of \(\text{Vect}(S^1)\) into the Poisson algebra \({\mathcal A}(M)\) of formal Laurent series on \(T^*S^1\) (or, rather, on \(T^*S^1\) with the zero-section removed). Using the Nijenhuis-Richardson theory of deformations of homomorphisms of Lie algebras and information about cohomology groups of \(\text{Vect}(S^1)\) with coefficients in tensor-densities on \(S^1\), the authors prove that every formal deformation of the embedding \(\text{Vect}(S^1)\rightarrow A(S^1)\) is equivalent to one of the following deformations: \[ \pi^t\left(f(q)\frac{d}{dq}\right)=f\left(q+\frac{(1-\lambda)t} {p}\right)p+\lambda tf'\left(q+\frac{(1-\lambda)t} {p}\right), \] where \(\lambda\in{\mathbb R}\), and that every polynomial deformation of the embedding \(\text{Vect}(S^1)\rightarrow {\mathcal A}(S^1)\) is equivalent to one of the following deformations: \[ \pi^{\lambda,\mu}\left(f(q)\frac{d}{dq}\right)=f\left(q+\frac{ (\lambda-\mu)} {p}\right)p+\mu f'\left(q+\frac{(\lambda-\mu)} {p}\right), \] where \(\lambda,\mu\in{\mathbb R}\) or \(\mathbb C\). The right-hand sides of the above equations has to be interpreted as Laurent series in \(p\) obtained from the Taylor expansion of \(f\) at \(q\). It is also shown that using these deformed embeddings one can get the Virasoro cocycle for \(\text{Vect}(S^1)\) from the Kirillov's 2-cocycles for the Poisson algebra of functions on the two-dimensional torus.