On pentagon, ten-term, and tetrahedron relations (Q1290543)

The algebraic theory of the tetrahedron (three-simplex) equation (TE) (1981, Zamolodchikov) which has been introduced as a three-dimensional generalization of the Yang-Baxter equation is developed. As a starting point, the pentagon equations (PE) \(S_{12}S_{13}S_{23}=S_{23}S_{12}\), \(\overline S_{12}\overline S_{13}\overline S_{23}=\overline S_{23}\overline S_{12}\) (1990, Maillet) in the algebra \(A^{\otimes 3}\) are used where \(S\) and \(\overline S\) are the elements of the algebra \(A^{\otimes 2}\) defined over an associative unital algebra \(A\). It is taken into account that PE follow from TE (1994, Maillet) and are intimately related (1996, Kashaev) with the Heisenberg double of a Hopf algebra (1990, Reshetikhin, Semenov-Tian-Shansky; 1992, Alekseev, Faddeev; 1992, Semenov-Tian-Shansky). It is shown that one and the same system of the above two PE and the ``ten-term'' equation in \(A^{\otimes 4}\) implies both the TE for the combination \(R^S_{123}=\overline S_{13}P_{23}S_{13}\) and the four-simplex equation for the combination \(B^S_{0123}=\overline S_{13}P_{01}P_{23}S_{13}\), where \(P\) are ``permutation operators''. Some particular infinite dimensional solutions of the equations under consideration are found. On this basis, 0-double construction (1992, Novikov) which generalizes the Heisenberg double of the Hopf algebra is presented for the special class of solutions. It is pointed out that the 0-double may be considered as a simplest algebraic framework for TE.