On Lyapunov-type inequality for third-order differential equations (Q1290949)

A Lyapunov-type inequality is established for the third-order differential equation \[ y'''+p(t)y=0 \tag{*} \] with \(p\in C([0,\infty), \mathbb{R})\). The distance between two or three consecutive zeros is studied. Let \(y(t)\) be a solution to \((*)\) with \(y(a)=0=y(b)\) (\(0\leq a<b\)) and \(y(t)\neq 0\) for \(t\in (a,b)\). The following two cases are distinguished: Case I: There exists a \(d\in [a,b]\) such that \(y''(d)=0\). Case II: It holds \(y''(t)\neq 0\) for \(t\in [a,b]\) and \(a<b<a'\) are three consecutive zeros of \(y\), i.e. \(y(t)\neq 0\) for \(t\in (a,b)\cup (b,a')\). The main results are the following statements: Theorem 1: Consider Case I. Then \(\int_a^b |p(t)|dt>4/(b-a)^2\). Consider Case II. Then \(\int_a^{a'} |p(t)|dt>4/(a'-a)^2\). Theorem 2: Let \(p\in L^\sigma([0,\infty),\mathbb{R})\), with \(1\leq \sigma<\infty \), and \(\{t_n \}\) be an increasing sequence of zeros of an oscillatory solution \(y\) to (*), then \((t_{n+1}-t_n)\to\infty\) or \((t_{n+2}-t_n)\to\infty\) as \(n\to \infty\). Three examples, which illustrate the obtained results, are given.