Inverse spectral problems for differential equations on the half-line with turning points (Q1293946)

In this article two inverse spectral problems are solved involving the boundary value problem \[ -y''+q(x)y=\lambda R^2(x)y, \quad 0<x<+\infty, \qquad y'(0)-hy(0)=0, \] where \(R^2\) and \(q\in L^1_{\text{loc}}({\mathbb{R}}^+)\) are real functions, \(h\) is a real number, the weight \(R^2(x)=\prod_{\nu=1}^m (x-x_\nu)^{\ell_\nu}R_0(x)\), with \(R_0(x)>0\) for \(x>0\) and \(\ell_\nu\in{\mathbb{N}}\) (\(\nu=1,\ldots,m\)), has the \(m\) turning points \(0<x_1<\ldots<x_m\), \(\xi(x)=\int_{x_m}^\infty R^2(t)^{1/2} dt\to+\infty\) and \(R'(x)/R^2(x)=O(1)\) as \(x\to+\infty\), and \(b\in L^1(T,\infty)\) for \(T>x_m\), where \(b(x)={{R''(x)}\over{2R^2(x)}}-{{3(R'(x))^2}\over{4R^3(x)}} +{{q(x)}\over{R(x)}}\). First, the Weyl \(M\)-function \(M(\lambda)\) is introduced and its analyticity properties and, under the assumption \(M(\lambda)=O(1/\rho)\) with \(\lambda=\rho^2\), its connection to the eigenvalues of the boundary value problem are derived. Next, uniqueness theorems for recovering \(q\) and \(h\) from \(R^2\) and \(M(\lambda)\) and \(q\) and \(h\) from somewhat different spectral data are proved. After establishing an eigenfunction expansion result, for the case of only one sign change in \(R^2\), an integral equation for the solution of the second inverse problem is derived and its unique solvability is proved.