Rigid families and endomorphism algebras of Kronecker modules (Q1293986)

Recall that for an arbitrary ring \(R\) with identity, the generalized matrix \(R\)-algebra \(\Gamma_2(R)=\left(\begin{smallmatrix} A &A^2\\ 0 &A\end{smallmatrix}\right)\) is called the Kronecker \(R\)-algebra with the natural multiplication. The category \(\text{Mod}(\Gamma_2(R))\) of Kronecker \(R\)-modules \(X\) can be identified with the category of \(R\)-representations of the Kronecker quiver, i.e.~the systems \(X=(X',X'',\varphi',\varphi'')\) where \(X'\) and \(X''\) are \(R\)-modules and \(\varphi'\) and \(\varphi''\colon X'\to X''\) are \(R\)-homomorphisms. The authors prove that for any \(R\)-algebra \(A\) generated by \(\lambda\) elements, where \(\lambda\) is an infinite cardinal, there exists a rigid directed system \(\mathbb{F}=\{\mathbb{F}_\beta,f_{\beta\gamma}\}_{\beta\subseteq\gamma\subseteq\lambda}\) of fully faithful \(R\)-linear exact functors \(\mathbb{F}_\beta\colon\text{Mod}(R)\to\text{Mod}(\Gamma_2(R))\) connected by \(R\)-splitting functorial monomorphisms \(f_{\beta\gamma}\colon\mathbb{F}_\beta\to\mathbb{F}_\gamma\) satisfying some extra conditions. Moreover, it is shown that any \(R\)-algebra \(A\) is isomorphic to a \(\Gamma_2(R)\)-endomorphism algebra of the form \(\text{End}(X)\), where \(X\) is an \(A\)-free Kronecker \(A\)-module in \(\text{Mod}(\Gamma_2(R))\). As an immediate corollary the authors obtain a generalization of a well-known result by Ringel. They prove that for any field \(K\) every \(K\)-algebra generated by at most \(\lambda\) elements, where \(\lambda\) is an infinite cardinal number, is isomorphic to an endomorphism algebra \(\text{End}(X)\) of a Kronecker module \(X=(X', X'',\varphi',\varphi'')\) in \(\text{Mod}(\Gamma_2(K))\) such that \(\dim_K(X')=\dim_K(X'')=\lambda\), the \(K\)-linear maps \(\varphi'\) and \(\varphi''\) are injective and \(X''=\text{Im }\varphi'+\text{Im }\varphi''\). At the end several open questions are stated and discussed.