On fans in real surfaces (Q1295714)

In the realm of real geometry, spaces of orderings play an essential role in the study of properties of either semialgebraic or semianalytic sets [cf. \textit{C. Andradas}, \textit{L. Bröcker} and \textit{J. M. Ruiz}, ``Constructible sets in real geometry'', Ergebnisse der Mathematik und ihrer Grenzgebiete 3. Folge, 33. Springer-Verlag (1996; Zbl 0873.14044)]. For geometric objects of dimension 2, the more interesting spaces of orderings are fans, and the paper under review contains a very precise description of all fans in a real algebraic surface and in a planar real germ either Nash, or analytic, or algebroid. The main tool to obtain such a description is a dimension two adapted quantitative version of Bröcker's trivialization theorem. Indeed, in these cases trivialization of fans occurs in a discrete valuation ring. This way, using trivialization and an exhaustive description of valuations in the respective function fields that is given also in the paper, every fan is constructed by lifting orderings from the residue field. A geometric interpretation of all fans is also given. The paper, which is very clearly written, constitutes an excellent material to understand properly the geometric meaning of the abstract theory of spaces of orderings.