Hilbert functions, Hilbert-Samuel quasi-polynomials with respect to \(f\)-good filtrations, multiplicities (Q1295772)

Recall, that a function \(\varphi : \mathbb Z \to \mathbb Z\) is called a quasi-polynomial function of period \(k\) and degree \(d\) if there exist a sequence \((F_0,F_1,\dots,F_{k-1})\) of polynomials \(F_j \in \mathbb Q[x]\) such that \(\varphi(n) = F_j(n)\) for all \(n \geq 0\) and \(n\equiv j\pmod k\) and \(d\) is the maximum of degrees of the polynomials \(F_0,F_1,\dots,F_{k-1}\). Let \(A= \bigoplus_{n \geq 0}A_n\) be a positively graded noetherian ring of finite Krull dimension. Assume that \(A=A_0[x_1,\dots,x_r]\), where each \(x_i\) is homogeneous of degree \(k\geq 1\) and that \(A_0\) is an artinian ring. Let \(M=\bigoplus_{n\in \mathbb Z}M_n\) be a finitely generated positively graded \(A\)-module and let \(d = \dim M\). If \(k=\text{LCM}(k_1,k_2,\dots,k_r)\) then the Hilbert function \(H(M,-)\) is quasi-polynomial. This generalization of the Hilbert theorem is in a more precise version presented in theorem 2.4. Let \(A\) be a noetherian ring of finite Krull dimension, \(f= (I_n)\) a noetherian filtration on \(A\) (there is \(m\geq 1\) such that \(I_{m+j}=I_mI_j\) for all \(j\geq m\)) and \(\Phi = (M_n)\) an \(f\)-good filtration \((I_pM_q \subseteq M_{p+q}\) for all \(p,q \in \mathbb Z\) and \(M_n = \sum_{p=1}^N I_{n-p}M_p\) for some \(N \geq 1\) and all \(n \geq N\)) of a finitely generated \(A\)-module \(M\). If the factor module \(M/I_1M\) is of finite length then the length functions \(n\to l_A(M_n/M_{n+1})\) and \(n\to l_A(M/M_n)\) are quasi-polynomial (theorem 3.4). The semilocal version of this result is given in theorem 3.10.