Hyponormality of Toeplitz operators with polynomial symbols (Q1298134)

The main results of this paper are as follows. Suppose \(\varphi(z)= \sum^N_{n= -m}a_nz^n\) with \(m\leq N\) and write \[ {\mathfrak F}:= \{\zeta,\;1/\overline\zeta:\text{the complex numbers }\zeta\text{ and }1/\overline\zeta\text{ are zeros of }z^m\varphi\}. \] If \({\mathfrak F}\) contains at least \((N+1)\) elements then the following statements are equivalent. (i) \(T_\varphi\) is a hyponormal operator. (ii) For every zero \(\zeta\) of \(z^m\varphi\) such that \(|\zeta|> 1\), the number \(1/\overline\zeta\) is a zero of \(z^m\varphi\) in the open unit disk \(\mathbb{D}\) of multiplicity greater than or equal to the multiplicity of \(\zeta\). Moreover, in the cases where \(T_\varphi\) is a hyponormal operator, the rank of the selfcommutator of \(T_\varphi\) is computed from the formula rank \([T^*_\varphi, T_\varphi]= N- m+ Z_{\mathbb{D}}- Z_{\mathbb{C}\setminus\overline{\mathbb{D}}}\), where \(Z_{\mathbb{D}}\) and \(Z_{\mathbb{C}\setminus\overline{\mathbb{D}}}\) are the number of zeros of \(z^m\varphi\) in \(\mathbb{D}\) and in \(\mathbb{C}\setminus \overline{\mathbb{D}}\) counting multiplicity. Also, a necessary condition for hyponormality of \(T_\varphi\) with polynomial symbols \(\varphi\) is presented: if \(\varphi(z)= \sum^N_{n= -m}a_nz^n\) is such that \(T_\varphi\) is hyponormal and if \(\zeta_1,\dots, \zeta_{m+N}\) are zeros of \(z^m\varphi\), then \(\left|\sum^{m+ N}_{j= 1}(\zeta_j- 1/\overline{\zeta_j})\right|\leq {1\over\prod^{m+ N}_{j=1}| \zeta_j|}- \prod^{m+ N}_{j=1}| \zeta_j|\).