Noncompact Liouville surfaces (Q1309201)

A triple \((S,g,F)\) is called a Liouville surface if \((S,g)\) is a 2- dimensional Riemannian manifold and \(F\) a \(C^ \infty\) function on the cotangent bundle \(T^*S\) satisfying the following conditions: 1) \(E,F = 0\), where \(E\) is an energy function and , is the Poisson bracket; 2) \(F_ p\) is a homogeneous polynomial of degree 2 for any \(p\in S\); 3) \(F\) is not of the form \(rH + sE\), where \(H \in C^ \infty(T^*S)\) is fibrewise the square of a linear form and \(s, r\in \mathbb{R}\). In the previous paper [J. Math. Soc. Japan 43, No. 3, 555-591 (1991; Zbl 0751.53015)] the second author classified the equivalence classes of compact Liouville surfaces. Now, in the case of noncompact surfaces the extra condition is assumed: 4) \(F_ p = 0\) if \(p \in P\), where \(P = \{p \in S,\;F_ p = rE_ p \text{ for some }r\in \mathbb{R}\}\). The main result of present paper reads: the number of points in \(P\) must be 0, or 1, or 2. If \(\#P > 0\), then every point of \(P\) is a pole of \(S\), i.e. the exponential map \(\text{exp}_ p: T_ pS \to S\) is a diffeomorphism. Moreover, there is a geodesic \(\mathcal L\) which satisfies the following conditions: (1) \(\mathcal L\) passes all points of \(P\), (2) \(F_ q\) is indefinite if \(q \not\in {\mathcal L}, and (3) F_ q\) is degenerate and semidefinite if \(q \in {\mathcal L}\). If \(\#P = 0\), then \(S\) is diffeomorphic to \(\mathbb{R}^ 2\), a cylinder, or a Möbius band.