Computation of turbulent flow in a square duct: Aspects of the secondary flow and its origin (Q1309617)

The paper is concerned with the numerical study of turbulent flow in a straight duct of square cross-section. On the basis of the 3-D time- averaged Navier-Stokes equations, the authors introduce a multi-deck expansion based on a new vector potential formulation. These equations are solved by bicubic finite elements in each cross-sectional plane while a finite difference Ansatz is used in streamwise direction. Based on the numerical results, an interpretation of the origins of secondary flow is given.