On HCO spaces. An uncountable compact \(T_ 2\) space, different from \(\aleph_ 1+1\), which is homeomorphic to each of its uncountable closed subspaces (Q1310418)

The main question is the following: what sort of compact topological spaces are homeomorphic to every uncountable closed subspace? The ordinal space \(\omega_ 1+1\) is an example, as is the one-point compactification of the discrete space of size \(\omega_ 1\). Are there any other examples? The main theorem of this paper (due to the second named author) is that under \(\diamondsuit\) the answer is yes. (More recently, the reviewer has gotten an example for CH.) Shelah's example is, not surprisingly, an Ostaszewski space with further properties. The first named author, with Bekkali and Rubin, has generalized the notion: \(X\) is an HCO space iff \(X\) is compact and every closed subspace \(Y\) of \(X\) has the property that if \(H\) is closed in \(Y\) then \(H\) is homeomorphic to a clopen subset of \(Y\). Thus, every compact ordinal is an HCO space. The first named author's main contribution to the paper is the following theorem: If \(X\) is an HCO space and \(X\) is the continuous image of a compact totally disconnected interval space, then \(X\) is homeomorphic to an ordinal.