Most finite groups are \(p\)-nilpotent (Q1311336)

A subgroup \(Q\) of a finite \(p\)-group \(P\) is said to be strongly characteristic in \(P\) if every subgroup of \(P\) isomorphic to \(Q\) is equal to \(Q\). Using Alperin's fusion theorem [\textit{D. Gorenstein}, Finite groups (1968; Zbl 0185.057), Section 7.2], the following theorem is proved: Let \(G\) be a finite group and \(P\) a Sylow \(p\)-subgroup of \(G\) with a central series of subgroups that are strongly characteristic in \(P\). Then \(N_ G(P)\) controls \(p\)-fusion in \(G\). If, in addition, the group of outer automorphisms of \(P\) is a \(p\)-group, then \(P\) controls \(p\)-fusion in \(G\), and Frobenius's \(p\)-local criterion for \(p\)-nilpotence implies that \(G\) is nilpotent (Corollary 1). The latter result has been obtained by \textit{H. Henn} and \textit{S. Priddy} [Comment. Math. Helv. 69, 335-350 (1994)] who used essentially topological methods, whereas the proof of the present paper is purely group-theoretical.