Brauer groups, embedding problems, and nilpotent groups as Galois groups (Q1320040)

Let \(\mathbb{Q}_{\text{ab}}\) denote the maximal abelian extension of the rationals \(\mathbb{Q}\), and let \(\mathbb{Q}_{\text{abnil}}\) denote the maximal nilpotent extension of \(\mathbb{Q}_{\text{ab}}\). It is proved that for every prime \(p\), the free \(\text{pro-}p\) group on countably many generators is realizable as the Galois group of a regular extension of \(\mathbb{Q}_{\text{abnil}}(t)\). The proof parallels the classical method of realizing finite \(p\)-groups over number fields, by means of a local- global principle for embedding problems. Technically speaking the core of the matter is the injectivity of the canonical map from the Brauer group of a rational function field in one variable to the direct product of the Brauer groups of the completions at the geometric primes.