A degree-theoretic approach to parametric nonsmooth equations with multivalued perturbed solution sets (Q1321654)

This paper is concerned with the system of parametric nonlinear equations \[ F(x,\omega) +y=0, \tag{1} \] where \(F: \mathbb{R}^ n\times \mathbb{R}^ m\to \mathbb{R}^ n\) is a given continuous function, \(\omega\in \mathbb{R}^ m\) and \(y\in \mathbb{R}^ n\) are parameters. Under the assumption of existence of an approximating function of a certain kind for \(F(\cdot, \omega)\), the existence, continuity, and differentiability of the set-valued solutions \(x(\omega, y)\) of (1) are studied. Particularly, in the special case when \(F(x, \omega)\equiv H(x)\) the following result is obtained. Theorem. Suppose that \(H(x^*)=0\) and (A) there exists a continuous function \(h(x)\) satisfying \(\lim_{x\to x^*} \| x- x^*\|^{-1} (H(x)- h(x))=0\), \(h(x^*)=0\); (B) \(x^*\) is an isolated zero of \(h\); (C) there exist open neighborhoods, \(V\) of \(x^*\) and \(U\) of the origin, and a constant \(\lambda>0\) such that \[ (y\in U) \Rightarrow h^{- 1}(y)\cap V\subseteq h^{-1}(0)+\lambda \| y\| B(0,1), \] where \(B(0,1)\) is the unit ball in \(\mathbb{R}^ n\); (D) the index of \(h\) at \(x^*\) is nonzero. Then there exist constants \(\varepsilon>0\), \(c>0\) and an open neighborhood \(W\) of \(x^*\) such that (i) the set \(x(y):= H^{-1} (y)\cap W\) is nonempty whenever \(\| y\|< \varepsilon\); (ii) \(x(0)= \{x^*\}\); (iii) for all \(y\in B(0, \varepsilon)\) and all \(z\in x(y)\), \(\| z- x^*\|\leq c\| y\|\). When the function \(g(x)= h(x+x^*)\) is positively homogeneous, the differentiability properties of the mapping \(y\to x(y)\) are also studied. Generalizations of the derived results to equations (1) are presented. They are applied to the convergence of Newton's method and to the sensitivity analysis of parametric variational inequalities and complementarity problems.