An equivalent condition for analytic \(C_ 0\)-semigroups (Q1322305)

The paper studies the conditions on the infinitesimal generator of a \(C_ 0\)-semigroup under which it can be extended to an analytic semigroup. The condition is given by the following theorem. Theorem. Let \(T(t)\) be a \(C_ 0\)-semigroup with infinitesimal generator \(A\). If \(\| T(t)\|\leq Me^{\omega t}\), \(t\geq 0\), where \(M\) and \(\omega\in \rho(A)\) (\(\rho(A)\) is the resolvent set of \(A\)) are constant, then the following two conditions are equivalent: (i) \(T(t)\) can be extended to an analytic semigroup \(T(z)\) in a sector \(\Delta_ \delta\) \((0< \delta< {\pi\over 2})\) and for every \(\delta'\), \(0< \delta'< \delta\), there exists a constant \(M_ \delta\) such that \(\| T(t)\|\leq M_{\delta'} e^{\omega\text{Re }z}\), \(z\in \Delta_{\delta'}\). (j) For every \(\theta\), \(-\delta<\theta< \delta\), \(e^{i\theta} A\) is an infinitesimal generator of some \(C_ 0\)-semigroup \(T_ \theta(t)\) and for every \(\delta'\), \(0< \delta'< \delta\), there exists a constant \(C_{\delta'}\) such that \(\| T_ \theta(t)\|\leq C_{\delta'} e^{\omega t\cos\theta}\), for \(t\geq 0\) and \(-\delta'\leq \theta\leq \delta'\).