Structural operators and semigroups associated with functional differential equations in Hilbert spaces (Q1324945)

Let \(H\) and \(V\) be complex Hilbert spaces such that \(V\) is dense in \(H\), the inclusion of \(V\) into \(H\) is continuous and \(V\subset H\subset V^*\). The authors consider the following abstract functional differential equation \((E)\) on \(H\): \[ u'(t)= A_ 0 u(t)+ A_ 1 u(t- h)+ \int_{- h}^ 0 a(s) A_ 2 u(t+ s) ds+ f(t),\text{ a.e. } t\geq 0; \] \[ u(0)= g^ 0,\;u(s)= g^ 1(s)\text{ a.e. }s\in [-h, 0). \] Here \(A_ 0\in {\mathcal L}(V, V^*)\) is the operator associated with the bounded sesquilinear form on \(V\times V\) satisfying Garding's inequality. It is known that \(A_ 0\) generates an analytic semigroup \(T(t)\) both on \(H\) and \(V^*\). Also \(A_ i\in {\mathcal L}(V, V^*)\), \(i= 1,2\); \(a(\cdot)\in L^ 2(- h,0)\); \(g= (g^ 0, g^ 1)\in M_ 2= H\times L^ 2(- h,0; V)\) (\(M_ 2\) is called the state space of \((E)\)). The authors use the state space approach to study properties of solution semigroups for \((E)\). First the solvability of \((E)\) is proved on \(M_ 2\). Then using structural operators \(F\) and \(G(t)\), which were introduced earlier in [the second author, Osaka J. Math. 25, No. 2, 353-398 (1988; Zbl 0713.34069) and the third author, Proc. Jap., Acad. Ser. A 64, No. 5, 131-134 (1988; Zbl 0658.34056)], they characterize the solution semigroup \(S(t)\) on \(M_ 2\): \(S(t)= G(t)F+ k(t)\), \(t\geq 0\), where \(k(t): M_ 2\to M_ 2\) is defined by initial conditions, \(F\) represents the effect of time delay, \(G(t)\) is defined in terms of fundamental solution of \((E)\). Finally, the authors develop an elementary adjoint theory for transposed equations and study the relations between transposed semigroups, adjoint semigroups and structural operators, what can be applied in the control theory involving functional differential equations. The last section is devoted to examples of application of the results of the present paper to partial functional differential equations.