Group gradings and recovery results for generalized incidence rings (Q1325074)

The notion of an incidence ring is generalized to sets with reflexive relations: if \((X,\rho)\) is such a finite set and \(R\) a ring then \(I(X,R)\) is the free left \(R\)-module with basis \(\{(x,y); x\rho y\}\) where multiplication is the linear extension of \((x,y) \cdot (z,w) = (x,w)\) if \(y = z\) and \(x \rho w\), and \((x,y) \cdot (z,w) = 0\) otherwise. This multiplication is associative iff \(\rho\) is balanced; by this the author means the following property: \(x_ 1 \rho x_ 2, x_ 2 \rho x_ 3, x_ 3 \rho x_ 4, x_ 1 \rho x_ 4 \Rightarrow x_ 1 \rho x_ 3\) iff \(x_ 2 \rho x_ 4\). \((X,\rho)\) has equivalent pairs of \(x \rho y, y \rho x, x\rho z\;(z \rho x) \Rightarrow y \rho z\;(z \rho y)\). A semiperfect ring \(S\) has equivalent pairs if \((\overline{S}, \tau)\) has, where \(\overline {S}\) is a complete set of local idempotents and \(e \tau f\) iff \(e S f \neq 0\). The main result is following: If \(R\) and \(S\) are semiperfect rings having equivalent pairs and \((X,\rho)\) is a balanced antisymmetric relation then the isomorphism of incidence rings \(I(X,R)\), \(I(X,S)\) implies the isomorphism of \(R\), \(S\). Further, group- graded rings are studied and sufficient conditions under which the equivalence of categories of graded left modules implies the equivalence of categories of modules over identity components are found. Concretely, the following is proved: Let \((X,\rho)\), \((Y,\sigma)\) be balanced relations, let \(R\) be a graded ring which is incidence graded by \((X,\rho)\) (i.e. the categories of graded left \(R\)-modules and of \(I(X,R_ e)\)-modules are equivalent) and let \(S\) be a graded ring which is incidence graded by \((Y,\sigma)\). Let the identity components \(R_ e\) of \(R\) and \(S_ e\) of \(S\) be semiperfect and have equivalent pairs. Then any two of the following statements imply the third: (1) The categories of graded left \(R\)-modules and \(S\)-modules are equivalent, (2) The categories of \(R_ e\)-modules and \(S_ e\)-modules are equivalent, (3) The sets with relations \((\widetilde {X}, \widetilde {\rho})\) and \((\widetilde{Y}, \widetilde {\sigma})\) are isomorphic. Here, \(\widetilde {X}\) denotes the set \(X\) factorized by the equivalence \(\rho \cup \rho^{-1}\) and \(\widetilde {\rho}\) is the corresponding relation on \(\widetilde {X}\). Many examples are given.