The Riemann-Roch theorem for elliptic operators and solvability of elliptic equations with additional conditions on compact subsets (Q1328160)

In a former paper [Adv. Sov. Math. 16(1), 211-241 (1993; Zbl 0802.58051)] the authors proved a version of the classical Riemann-Roch theorem for solutions of elliptic equations with point singularities. In the present paper, the results are extended to more general singularities supported on arbitrary compact nowhere dense sets (of a compact \(C^ \infty\) manifold). Dually a finite set of conditions may be imposed on another nowhere dense compact set (which should be disjoint from the set where singularities are allowed). The main result connects the dimension of the space of solutions having the allowed singularities and satisfying the imposed conditions with another dimension defined in the same way from the ``inverse divisor''. The result is proved at the same time with a duality theorem which gives necessary and sufficient solvability conditions of elliptic equations if the solution is allowed to have singularities of the described type and is required to satisfy a finite number of orthogonality conditions. Some generalizations to noncompact manifolds are also described.