Indefinite Kac-Moody algebras of classical type (Q1328486)

The starting point of this paper is a local Lie algebra \(V\oplus {\mathcal G}^ e \oplus V^*\) defined by a trivial one-dimensional central extension \({\mathcal G}^ e\) of a finite-dimensional simple Lie algebra \({\mathcal G}\) of classical type, certain faithful irreducible \({\mathcal G}\)- module \(V\) and a \({\mathcal G}^ e\)-module homomorphism \(\psi_ a: V^*\otimes V\to {\mathcal G}^ e\) which depends on a parameter \(a\). The minimal graded Lie algebra \({\mathcal L}= \sum_{k\in \mathbb{Z}} {\mathcal L}_ k\) with local part \(V\oplus {\mathcal G}^ e \oplus V^*\) is an indefinite Kac-Moody algebra for almost all positive values of \(a\). The Lie algebra \({\mathcal L}^ -= \sum_{k\geq 1} {\mathcal L}_{-k}\) is realized as a quotient of the free Lie algebra generated by \(V\). This explicit realization combined with the homological techniques of Kang and the representation theory of the classical algebras give closed form formulas for the multiplicities of roots up to degree \(2a\), and the authors determine the multiplicities of roots in the graded components \({\mathcal L}_ k\) for \(k=0, \pm 1,\dots, \pm 2a\). The multiplicity formulas involve Littlewood-Richardson coefficients and Kostka numbers. From the nature of these formulas the authors see that for a fixed value of \(a\), the multiplicity of the root remains constant as the rank of \({\mathcal G}\) goes to \(\infty\).