The problem of A. F. Timan on the precise order of decrease of the best approximations (Q1329026)

Let \(f \in L_ q (-\infty, \infty)\), \(1 \leq q \leq \infty\), and \(A_ \sigma (f)_{L_ q}\) be the best approximation of \(f\) on \((-\infty, \infty)\) by integral functions of finite degree at most \(\sigma>0\). For any positive integer \(k\) we have the Jackson estimate \(A_ \sigma (f)_{L_ q} \leq C_ k \omega_ k\) \((f;1/ \sigma)_{L_ q}\), where the constant \(C_ k>0\) does not depend on \(\sigma\) or \(f\), \(\omega_ k (f;1/ \sigma)_{L_ q}\) is the \(k\)th order \(L_ q\) modulus. The author solved the problem of \textit{A. F. Timan} [Theory of approximation of functions of a real variable (1963; Zbl 0117.290)]. This problem concerns conditions on \(f\) with which the inverse inequality holds \(\omega_ k (f;1/ \sigma)_{L_ q} \leq C A_ \sigma (f)_{L_ q}\) with \(C>0\) independent of \(\sigma\). The author proves that the last inequality holds if, and only if, there exists a positive constant \(B>0\) such that \(\omega_ k (f; \delta)_{L_ q} \leq B \omega_{k+1} (f; \delta)_{L_ q}\), \(\delta > 0\). He also investigates the corresponding problem in the case when a function \(f\) is approximated by trigonometrical and algebraic polynomials.