An axiom system for partial affine spaces (Q1331279)

The authors prove that a partial linear space with parallelism which satisfies the axioms \((T)\), \((R)\) and \((S)\) is a partial affine space. A partial linear space with parallelism is a triple \((P,G,\|)\), where \(P\) is a set whose elements will be referred to as points, \(G\) is a subset of the power set of \(P\), whose elements will be called lines -- such that \(G \neq \emptyset\); every line contains at least two points; two points are contained in at most one line --, and \(\|\) is an equivalence relation on \(G\) which satisfies the Euclidean (Playfair) parallel postulate. A partial linear space with parallelism \((P,G, \|)\) is a partial affine space if there is an affine space \({\mathcal A} = (P,G')\), such that \(G \subseteq G'\) and \(\|\) is the restriction of the parallelism of \({\mathcal A}\) to \(G\). Axiom \((T)\), Tamaschke's axiom, has been used in \textit{O. Tamaschke} [``Projektive Geometrie. II.'' (Bibliographisches Institut, Mannheim) (1972; Zbl 0256.50008)] as an axiom for affine spaces. Axiom \((R)\) states that there are ``many'' lines connecting the points of a given line \(g\) to a point \(p\) not belonging to that line. Axiom \((S)\) is a statement implying that the dimension of the affine space that will extend the given partial linear space is at least 4. It should be noted that \((R)\) can be replaced by the weaker set of axioms \((R_ 1)\) and \((R_ 2)\), as these are the only facts that were inferred from \((R)\) that actually get used in the proofs.