Direct computation of the simultaneous Stone-Weierstrass approximation of a function and its partial derivatives in Banach spaces, and combination with Hermite interpolation (Q1335031)

Let \(C_ r= [-r,r]^ n\). A sequence \(K_ 0,K_ 1,\dots\in C^ 0(\mathbb{R}^ n,\mathbb{R})\) is called a Dirac sequence of kernels normalized with respect to a measurable neighborhood \(N_ 0\) of 0 in \(\mathbb{R}^ n\) if \(K_ i(x)\geq 0\) for every \(i\in \mathbb{N}\), \(x\in N_ 0\), \(\int_{N_ 0} K_ i(x) dx= 1\) for every \(i\in \mathbb{N}\), and for every \(\varepsilon> 0\), \(\delta>0\) such that \(C_ \delta\subseteq N_ 0\), there exists \(i_{\varepsilon\delta}\in \mathbb{N}\) such that \(\int_{C_ \delta} K_ i(x) dx\geq 1-\varepsilon\) for every \(i\geq i_{\varepsilon\delta}\). Let \(\mathbb{E}\) be an \(\mathbb{R}\)-vector space, the \(\mathbb{E}\)-polynomial \(p: \mathbb{R}^ n\to \mathbb{E}\) is, by definition, the mapping of the form \(p(x_ 1,\dots, x_ n)= p_ 1(x_ 1,\dots, x_ n) v_ 1+\cdots+ p_ r(x_ 1,\dots, x_ n) v_ r\), where all \(p_ 1,\dots, p_ r\) are real polynomials in \(n\) variables, \(v_ 1,\dots, v_ r\in \mathbb{E}\). In this paper the authors mainly prove the following results. (1) Let \(U\subseteq C^ m(\mathbb{R}^ n,\mathbb{R})\) and \(r> 0\). Suppose there exists a Dirac sequence of kernels \(K_ 0,K_ 1,\dots\in C^ 0(\mathbb{R}^ n,\mathbb{R})\) normalized with respect to \(C_{2r}\) such that for every \(i\in \mathbb{N}\), there exist \(\alpha_{i_ 1},\dots, \alpha_{ip_ i}\in U\) and \(\varphi_{i_ 1},\dots,\varphi_{ip_ i}\in C^ 0(\mathbb{R}^ n,\mathbb{R})\) such that \[ K_ i(x+ y)= \sum^{p_ i}_{k=1} \alpha_{ik}(x) \varphi_{ik}(y)\;\forall x,\;y\in \mathbb{R}^ n. \] Then for every \(\mathbb{R}\)-Banach space \(\mathbb{E}\), for every \(f\in C^ m(\mathbb{R}^ n,\mathbb{E})\) with support in \(C_ r\) and for every \(\varepsilon> 0\), there exists \(a\in U\otimes \mathbb{E}\), the set of all mappings \(f\in C^ 0(\mathbb{R}^ n,\mathbb{E})\) of the form \(f(x)= \sum^ r_{i=1} a_ i(x) v_ i\) \(\forall x\in \mathbb{R}^ n\), where \(r\in \{1,2,\dots\}\), \(a_ 1,\dots, a_ r\in U\) and \(v_ 1,\dots, v_ r\in \mathbb{E}\), such that \(\| f^{(\alpha)}(x)- a^{(\alpha)}(x)\|< \varepsilon\) \(\forall x\in C_ r\), \(\alpha\in \mathbb{N}^ n\), \(| \alpha|< m\). (2) Let \(\mathbb{E}\) be an \(\mathbb{R}\)-vector space and \(a_ 1,\dots, a_ N\in \mathbb{R}^ n\) be distinct. For every \(k\in\{1,\dots, N\}\) and \(\alpha\in \{0,\dots, m\}^ n\), let \(v_{k\alpha}\in \mathbb{E}\). Then there exists an \(\mathbb{E}\)-polynomial \(p: \mathbb{R}^ n\to \mathbb{E}\) such that \(p^{(\alpha)}(a_ k)= v_{k\alpha}\) \(\forall k\in \{1,\dots, N\}\), \(\alpha\in \{0,\dots, m\}^ n\). (3) For every \(\mathbb{R}\)-Banach space \(\mathbb{E}\), every \(f\in C^ m(\mathbb{R}^ n,\mathbb{E})\) with compact support \(K\), every \(a_ 1,\dots, a_ N\in \mathbb{R}^ n\) distinct and every \(\varepsilon>0\), there exists an \(\mathbb{E}\)-polynomial \(p: \mathbb{R}^ n\to\mathbb{E}\) such that \[ \| f^{(\alpha)}(x)- p^{(\alpha)}(x)\|< \varepsilon \quad \forall x\in K, \] and \(p^{(\alpha)}(a_ k)= f^{(\alpha)}(a_ k)\) \(\forall k\in \{1,\dots, N\}\), where \(\alpha\in \mathbb{N}^ n\), \(|\alpha|\leq m\).