On the Jacobson radical of semigroup graded rings (Q1336462)

Let \(R = \bigoplus_{s \in S} R_ s\) be a ring graded by a semigroup \(S\). The paper deals with various problems concerning the Jacobson radical \(J(R)\) of such rings. It is shown that, if \(S\) is (locally) finite, then \(J(R)\) is (locally) nilpotent if and only if \(J(R_ e)\) is (locally) nilpotent for every idempotent \(e \in S\). Moreover, if \(S\) is finite, then \(R\) is a Jacobson ring if and only if every \(R_ e\), \(e=e^ 2\in S\), is a Jacobson ring. This is used to prove that certain semigroup algebras \(R = K[S]\) satisfying a polynomial identity are Jacobson rings. The case where \(S\) has an ideal chain \(S = S_ 1 \supset S_ 2 \supset \dots \supset S_ n\) whose factors are completely 0- simple or nilpotent is crucial for the results of the paper. Thus, the authors concentrate first on gradations by completely 0-simple semigroups. They develop an approach generalizing that known for semigroup algebras of such semigroups [cf. Chapter 5 in \textit{J. Okniński}, Semigroup Algebras, Dekker (1991; Zbl 0725.16001)], and yielding in particular a correspondence between prime and graded prime ideals. The authors are then able to extend various results known for group graded rings to the case of gradations by completely 0-simple semigroups.