Semisimple classes of hypernilpotent and hyperconstant near-ring radicals (Q1340180)

It is a natural requirement that a radical of near-rings should contain all near-rings with trivial (i.e. zero- or constant) multiplication. Such radicals are called hypernilpotent and hyperconstant. It is shown that if \(\mathbb{S}\) is the semisimple class of a Kurosh-Amitsur radical \(\mathbb{R}\) of near-rings, the following assertions are equivalent: 1) \(\mathbb{R}\) is hypernilpotent and hyperconstant, 2) \(\mathbb{S}\) is weakly homomorphically closed (i.e. \(I \triangleleft N \in \mathbb{S}\) and \(I^ 2 = 0\) imply \(N/I \in \mathbb{S}\)), \(c\)-homomorphically closed (i.e. \(I \triangleleft N \in \mathbb{S}\) and \(I\) constant imply \(N/I \in \mathbb{S}\)) and satisfies condition (a) if \(\mathbb{S}\) contains a nonzero constant near-ring, then it contains a nonzero constant abelian near-ring, 3) \(\mathbb{S}\) is \((0 + c)\)-hereditary (i.e. \(I \triangleleft N \in \mathbb{S}\) implies \(I \in \mathbb{S}\) provided \(I\) is a (direct) sum of its ideals \(K\) and \(L\) with zero and constant multiplication respectively), \(\mathbb{S}\) does not contain all near-rings with zero multiplication and satisfies condition (a).