Interpolation by Lagrange polynomials, \(B\)-splines and bounds of errors (Q1343574)

Let \(\ell_{m - 1, \Delta} (f)\) be the Lagrange interpolating polynomial of degree \(m - 1\), constructed according to the given net of nodes of interpolation \[ \Delta = \Delta_ m = \{a \leq t_ 1 < \cdots < t_ m \leq b\}. \] For functions \(f \in W^ m_ \infty [a,b]\) the quantities \[ L_{m,k} (\Delta,x) = \sup_{\| f^{(m)} \| \leq 1} \biggl | f^{(k)}_{(x)} - \ell^{(k)}_{m - 1, \Delta} (f,x) \biggr |, \] \(L_{m,k} (\Delta) = \sup_{x \in [a,b]} L_{m,k} (\Delta,x)\), \(L_{m,k} = \inf_{\Delta \subset [a,b]} L_{m,k} (\Delta)\), which characterize the error of the approximation, are studied. It is shown, that for \(k = m - 2\), \(m - 1\), \(L_{m,k} (\Delta) = {1 \over m!} \| \omega^{(k)}_ \Delta \|\) where \(\omega_ \Delta (x) = \prod^ m_{i = 1} (x - t_ i)\). By making use of this formula, the optimal nodes of Lagrange interpolation are found.