Remarks on positive solutions to a semilinear Neumann problem (Q1344566)

The authors consider the existence of nonconstant positive multiple solutions of the subcritical problem \[ - d \Delta u + u = |u |^{p - 2} u \] in a bounded domain \({\mathcal D}\) with Neumann boundary conditions when \(d\) is small. Here they use variational methods combined with domain variation ideas to prove the existence of additional solutions for domains ``close'' to more complicated domains (for example dumbbells). They obtain one more solution than earlier works (that is cat \((\partial {\mathcal D}) + 1\) nonconstant positive solutions) even if there is no domain perturbation. Note that there continues to be a great deal of work on this equation. For example, see a number of more recent works of \textit{W.-M. Ni} and \textit{I. Takagi} [Duke Math. J. 70, 247-281 (1993; Zbl 0796.35056)] where further references can be found. Remark: Yet another proof of the existence of the peak solutions when there is no domain perturbation is sketched in the reviewer's preprint [On the uniqueness of the positive solution of a singularly perturbed problem].