On geometric embedding problems and semiabelian groups (Q1345758)

In this paper, problems of realizing finite solvable groups as regular Galois extensions over the rational function field \(k(t)\) are studied. Here, `regular' means having no constant extensions. A finite group \(G\) is called semiabelian, if there exists a sequence of subgroups \(G = G_n \supset \cdots \supset G_1 \supset G_0 = \{1\}\) such that for all \(i = 0, \dots, n - 1\), \(G_{i + 1}\) is a factor group of a semidirect product \(G_i \ltimes A_i\) with a finite abelian group \(A_i\). Then, results of W. Kuyk, B. H. Matzat, D. J. Saltman lead to the assertion that every semiabelian group can be realized as a Galois group of a regular Galois extension of \(k(t)\) for every field \(k\). On the other hand, (according to \textit{L. Schneps} [Commun. Algebra 21, No. 5, 1603-1609 (1993; Zbl 0792.20020)]) a finite nonabelian group \(G\) is called irreducible (non-semiabelian), if all its abelian normal subgroup are contained in the Frattini subgroup \(\Phi (G)\). It is shown that finite \(p\)-groups of order \(< p^5\) (resp. \(< 2^6\) if \(p = 2)\) are semiabelian, and an explicit presentation of an irreducible \(p\)-group of order \(p^5\) (Prop. 2.10) and the list of irreducible groups of order \(< 100\) (Appendix) are given. Applying techniques of \textit{I. Kiming} [Can. J. Math. 42, No. 5, 825-855 (1990; Zbl 0725.12004)] and of \textit{L. Schneps} [`On Galois groups and their maximal two-subgroups', Isr. J. Math. (to appear)], the author examines geometric realizations in several irreducible groups of small orders (cf. also L. Schneps' paper for further examples).