Semi-stability of reductive group schemes over curves (Q1345924)

Let \(G\) be a reductive group scheme over the algebraic curve \(X\) over the field \(k\). Let \(K\) be the function field of \(X\). We show how \(G\) induces an additional structure on the root system \(\Phi = \Phi(G_ K,T)\) for any split maximal torus \(T\) of \(G_ K\), the pullback of \(G\) to \(\text{Spec }K\). We call this structure a complementary polyhedron for \(\Phi\). The study of these polyhedra leads to a proof of the existence and uniqueness of a canonical parabolic subgroup \(P\) of \(G\). If \(G =\text{GL}(V)\) for a vector bundle \(V\) over \(X\), the parabolic \(P\) is the stabilizer of the Harder-Narasimhan filtration of \(V\).