Normal coordinates and primitive elements in the Hopf algebra of renormalization (Q1348985)

The authors study the Hopf algebra of rooted trees and its dual, both related via decoration of Feynman diagrams having singularities to renormalization theory. After a short introduction emphasis is laid on an differential geometric angle. Left invariant one forms are considered and a Poincaré lemma is sketched. The relation between these one forms and primitive as \(k\)-primitive elements is investigated. Moreover, a new basis is promoted, that of normal coordinates. Several aspects and benefits of these coordinates are exhibited. Most emphasized is the relatively mild pole structure, which seems to simplify the complexity of renormalization considerably. This is demonstrated to some extend studying the standard \(\phi^4\) toy model.