Halves of a real Enriques surface (Q1354830)

A systematic study of topological properties of real Enriques surfaces was started by \textit{V. V. Nikulin} [in: Topology of real algebraic varieties and related topics. Dedic. Memory D. A. Gudkov, Transl., Ser. 2, Am. Math. Soc. 173, 187-201 (1996; Zbl 0869.14017)]. The classification of the real parts of real Enriques surfaces up to homeomorphism was completed by \textit{A. Degtyarev} and \textit{V. Kharlamov} [Topology 35, No. 3, 711-729 (1996)]. The connected components of the real part \(E_{\mathbb{R}}\) of a real Enriques surface can be naturally decomposed into two groups, \(E_{\mathbb{R}}= E_{\mathbb{R}}^{(1)}\cup E_{\mathbb{R}}^{(2)}\), due to the two different liftings of the real structure to the covering K3-surface. In the present paper, a classification of the triads \((E_{\mathbb{R}}; E_{\mathbb{R}}^{(1)}, E_{\mathbb{R}}^{(2)})\) up to homeomorphism is completed. As a by-product of the investigation, the authors obtain several prohibitions on the topology of generalized Enriques surfaces. These surfaces are quotients of a non singular compact surface \(X\) with \(H_1(X; \mathbb{Z}/2)=0\) and \(w_2(X)=0\) by a fixed point free holomorphic involution. One of the main tools of the paper is Kalinin's spectral sequence used in combination with more traditional tools of topology of real algebraic varieties.