Curves \(X^ mY^ n+Y^ mZ^ n+Z^ mX^ n=0\) and decomposition of the Jacobian (Q1355520)

In this paper the authors consider the family of curves \(H_m\) given by the equation \(X^mY^n+Y^mZ^n+Z^mX^n=0\), which had already been studied by \textit{F. Klein} [Über die Transformation siebenter Ordnung der elliptischen Funktionen, Math. Ann. 14, 428-471 (1879; JFM 11.0296.01)]\ and \textit{A. Hurwitz} [Über die diophantische Gleichung \(x^3y+y^3z+z^3x=0\), Math. Ann. 65, 428-430 (1908; JFM 39.0259.03)]. The curve \(H_3=H_{3,1}\) is called Klein's quartic, has genus 3 and group of automorphism with 168 elements, which is the largest possible number for a curve of genus \(g\geq 2\). Furthermore, it was proved in [\textit{D. Prapavessi}, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 122, 971-978 (1994; Zbl 0823.14016)]\ that its Jacobian variety is isomorphic to a product of three elliptic curves. The authors suppose that \(q=m^2-mn+n^2\) is a prime number and that the field of definition of the curve is the field \(\mathbb C\) of complex numbers. Under these hypotheses Lefschetz proved in [\textit{S. Lefschetz}, A class of algebraic curves with cyclic group and their Jacobian varieties, in Selected papers, Chelsea, New York, 163-178 (1971; Zbl 0226.01020)]\ that the Jacobian variety is isogenous to \((\mathbb{C}^{g'}/L')^3\), where \(g=3g'\) is the genus of \(H_{m,n}\) and \(L'\) is a lattice in \(\mathbb{C}^{g'}\). This paper is dedicated to reproving, in a new effective way, these results.