Summable criteria for a classification of solutions of linear difference equations (Q1355673)

The authors consider the linear difference equation \[ \Delta(a_n\Delta y_n)+ q_ny_{n+1}=0,\quad n=0,1,2,\dots,\tag{1} \] where \(\Delta y_n:=y_{n+1}- y_n\), \(\{a_n\}\) and \(\{q_n\}\) are positive real sequences. All eventually non-zero solutions of (1) are divided with respect to their asymptotic behavior into four classes: \[ M^+_\infty=\{\{y_n\}\in M^+:\lim_{n\to\infty}|y_n|=\infty\},\;M^+_B=\{\{y_n\}\in M^+:\lim_{n\to\infty}|y_n|=L<\infty\}, \] \[ M^-_B=\{\{y_n\}\in M^-:\lim_{n\to\infty} y_n= L\neq 0\},\;M^-_0=\{\{y_n\}\in M^-:\lim_{n\to\infty} y_n=0\}, \] where \[ M^+=\{\{y_n\}\text{ solution of (1): }\exists N>0\text{ such that }y_n\Delta y_n>0,\;n\geq N\}, \] \[ M^-=\{\{y_n\}\text{ nonoscillatory solution of (1): }\exists N>0\text{ such that }y_n\Delta y_n<0,\;n\geq N\}. \] Sufficient conditions for the existence or nonexistence of solutions of (1) in these classes are presented as summable criteria and involve only the sequences \(\{a_n\}\) and \(\{q_n\}\). Sixteen related references are indicated.