Finite approximability and representability of Lie algebras (Q1358559)
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English | Finite approximability and representability of Lie algebras |
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Finite approximability and representability of Lie algebras (English)
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13 July 1997
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The Lie algebras considered in this article are over an infinite field. An algebra is called residually finite (or finitely approximable) if it is a subdirect product of finite dimensional algebras. An algebra \(L\) over a field \(F\) is called representable if there is a field extension \(\widetilde{F}\) of \(F\) and a finite dimensional \(\widetilde{F}\)-algebra \(\widetilde{L}\) such that \(L\) is embeddable in \(\widetilde{L}\) as an \(F\)-algebra. It is known that residual finiteness is a necessary condition for representability see \textit{A. I. Mal'tsev} [Mat. Sb. 13, 263-286 (1943; Zbl 0060.07804)] and \textit{S. V. Pchelintsev} [Sib. Mat. Zh. 30, No. 1, 134-144 (1989; Zbl 0671.17019)]). It is known also that a representable Lie algebra is special (i.e., is embeddable in an associative PI-algebra). Theorem 1 shows that these necessary conditions are not sufficient: it gives an example of a residually finite special finitely generated but not representable Lie algebra. Let \({\mathcal V}_n\) be the variety of Lie algebras generated by the matrix algebra \(M_n(F)\). Theorem 1 implies the following Corollary 1: if \(n\geq2\) then, for any \(k\geq n\), there is a finite dimensional Lie algebra \(L\) over a field \(F\) such that \(L\in{\mathcal V}_n\) and \(L\) is not embeddable in \(M_k(Q)\) where \(Q\) is a commutative \(F\)-algebra. Let \(H=H_1\) be a 3-dimensional Heisenberg algebra and \(M=F[t]\) an \(H\)-module with \(xf(t)=df/dt\), \(yf(t)=tf(t)\), \(zf(t)=f(t)\). Theorem 2 states that if \(F\) has a characteristic 0 then the relations \[ [x,y,z]=0,\;\sum\limits_{\sigma\in S_4}x_{\sigma(1)}\cdots x_{\sigma(4)}=0 \] form the identity basis of the representation of \(H\) in \(M\). This theorem implies Corollary 2: if \(W\) is an arbitrary \(H\)-module then all identities of the Lie algebra \(H\leftthreetimes M\) hold in \(H\leftthreetimes W\) (here \(\leftthreetimes\) means the semidirect product). The last result of the article is Theorem 3: if \(\mathcal V\) is a variety of Lie algebras over an infinite field in which all finitely generated residually small algebras are representable then \(\mathcal V\) is locally representable. A complete description of locally representable varieties of Lie algebras is obtained by the author [\textit{M. V. Zaitsev}, Mat. Sb. 180, No. 6, 798-808 (1989; Zbl 0688.17004)]. No proofs are included in the article.
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residually finite Lie algebras
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representable Lie algebras
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identity
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variety of Lie algebras
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