On a problem of sums of mixed powers. II (Q1362880)

Let \(R_{b,c}(n)\) denote the number of representations of a natural number \(n\) as a sum of one square, four cubes, one \(b\)th power and one \(c\)th power. \textit{M. Lu} [Acta Arith. 58, No. 1, 89-102 (1991; Zbl 0725.11050)] obtained a lower bound for \(R_{b,c}(n)\) of the presumably correct order of magnitude when \(b=5\), \(c=9\) and for those other pairs where \(1/b+1/c\) is larger. Using the iterative method of \textit{R. C. Vaughan} [Acta Math. 162, 1-71 (1989; Zbl 0665.10033)] and later results of \textit{T. D. Wooley} [Ann. Math. (2) 135, 131-164 (1992; Zbl 0754.11026)], the authors extend the result to \(b=5\), \(c =13\) and for those other pairs where \(1/b+1/c\) is larger. Details are given for the case \(b=5\).